Goalkeeper: how to learn to fall. How to be a good goalkeeper in football. Exercises to develop goalkeeper skills

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The goalkeeper's playing technique has a number of significant differences from the field player's technique. The presence of such differences is due to the fact that the goalkeeper has the right to play with his hands in the penalty area.

The goalkeeper's arsenal of technical techniques includes: catching, hitting, transferring and throwing the ball. In Fig. 64 presents a classification of technical techniques of a goalkeeper's game. As can be seen from the figure, depending on the location of the partners and players of the opposing team, as well as on the direction, trajectory and speed of the ball, various techniques, methods and types of goalkeeper actions are used. In addition, during the game the goalkeeper uses all the variety of field player techniques.

The effectiveness of the gate guard's actions is largely due to its correct starting position. It is characterized by standing legs apart (shoulder-width apart and slightly bent). Semi bent arms carried forward at chest level. Palms facing inward and forward. The fingers are slightly apart. The correct starting position allows the goalkeeper to quickly move the center of gravity beyond the support area and perform the necessary movements with normal, side and

When characterizing the actions of the goalkeeper, it should be noted that he should always be in the middle of the corner, the top of which is the ball, and the base is the side goalposts. Therefore, the goalkeeper has to constantly change his position, taking into account the location of the ball. The goalkeeper moves with side steps. If he has to catch the ball while it is falling, he performs the last step by pushing off with one leg. In order to play the exit, the goalkeeper moves forward with short steps-pushes. The goalkeeper also uses short steps to move backwards.

Catching the ball - is the main means of goalkeeper's playing technique. This technique is performed mainly with two hands. They catch the ball from below, above or from the side - depending on the direction, trajectory and speed of its flight. Balls that fly over a considerable distance are caught while falling or jumping.

When catching the ball from below The goalkeeper takes control of the rolling, descending and low-flying balls (up to chest level) towards him.

IN preparatory phase when catching rolling balls, the goalkeeper leans forward and lowers his hands down (Fig. 65). In this case, the palms are facing the ball, the fingers are slightly apart, half-bent and almost touching the ground. The arms should not be overly tense. Legs are closed, straight or slightly bent.

Working phase characterized by the fact that at the moment of contact with the ball, it is picked up by the hands from below, the arms are bent at the elbow joints and the ball is pulled to the stomach. The speed of the ball is dampened due to the shock-absorbing actions of the lowered arms.

IN final phase the goalkeeper straightens up.

Features of teaching the technique of catching a ball rolling from below.

1. Performing preparatory and lead-up exercises without a ball.

2. The goalkeeper performs all actions without the ball from the starting position.

3. Catching a ball rolling towards you.

4. Catching a ball rolling from the side.

5. Catching a ball hit hard at the goal.

IN modern football Another option is used for catching rolling balls with both hands from below (Fig. 66). Its peculiarity is that instead of bending, a squat is performed on one leg, which rotates approximately 50-80°. The second leg, significantly bent in knee joint, with support on the toe, also unfolds.

Hands down, palms facing the ball. Direct catching of the ball is carried out as in the embodiment described above. In the final phase, due to the rotation and extension of the legs, the goalkeeper straightens to the starting position for further actions. This fishing option is more dynamic and reliable, as it has a significant area of ​​safety barrier.

The sequence when learning to catch a ball with the goalkeeper lowering to one knee does not differ from the previous method.

When catching low-flying balls (to the level of the stomach) and falling in front of the goalkeeper in the preparatory phase, slightly bent arms are extended with the palms forward towards the ball (Fig. 67). The fingers are slightly apart and half-bent. At the same time, the torso leans forward slightly and the legs bend. The amount of their bending depends on the trajectory of the ball. At the moment of contact with the ball, the goalkeeper picks it up with his hands from below and pulls it to his stomach or chest. When the ball speed is significant, an additional yielding movement is performed back by straightening the legs and tilting the torso forward.

During the game, it becomes necessary to catch balls that are rolling and low-flying away from the goalkeeper, as well as balls falling in front of him at a considerable distance. In such cases, the goalkeeper first moves in the direction of the movement of the ball with a running step or cross step, as well as a jump - mainly by pushing one leg up, up-forward or up-to-side.

Features of teaching the technique of catching a ball flying from below.
Sequence of training

2. Pulling the ball to the chest with an interception from below.

3. Standing still, catching a ball thrown from a short distance.

4. Catching the ball while running (the ball is thrown from a distance of 6-12 m).

5. Catching while running a ball hit from a distance of 15-16 m (with a gradual increase in impact force).

When you have to catch balls falling from above, the goalkeeper performs this technique while jumping, pushing off with one foot. The backs of the palms are turned towards the ground, the arms are parallel, directed towards the ball and slightly bent at the elbows. It is necessary to choose the right moment for repulsion. The hands must touch the ball at the time when the player begins to fall to the ground after the jump.

In order to master balls flying at chest and head level, as well as high flying and falling balls, use catching from above (Fig. 68). Taking the starting position in the preparatory phase, the goalkeeper brings his slightly bent arms forward or forward-upward (depending on the level of the ball’s flight). Palms facing the ball, with fingers spread and half-bent, form a kind of “hemisphere”. Distance between thumbs slightly (3-5 cm).

In the working phase, during contact, the ball is grasped with the fingers from the front and side, the hands are somewhat closer. The speed of the ball is dampened by the yielding movement of the hands and flexion of the arms. Then, bending his arms as much as possible, the goalkeeper in the final phase pulls the ball to his chest. The technical technique implemented in the game, moving in the direction of the ball's movement using known methods of movement.

In order to master balls flying along a “high” trajectory, they use two-handed catching from above while jumping (Fig. 69). Depending on the direction of the ball's flight, a push with one or two legs is performed by jumping up, forward-upward, or upward-to the sides. A push jump with one leg is performed primarily in motion, and a push jump with two legs is performed from a standing position. At the moment of repulsion, the arms are moved upward towards the ball with a swinging movement. After catching, the landing occurs with slightly bent arms.

Features of technology training
jumping catching a ball flying from above

When mastering the technique of this technique, it is necessary to take into account that at the moment of the jump the swing leg is strongly bent at the knee and covers the ball from the opponent. When catching the ball, the goalkeeper moves his hands back slightly to dampen the speed of the flying ball, and, landing on his feet, presses the ball to his chest.

Sequence of training

1. Performing introductory and preparatory exercises without a ball.

2. The partner throws the ball up so that the goalkeeper can reach it, catch it and press it to his chest.

3. The same exercise in a jump.

4. Catching high-flying balls on the spot and in a jump after shots from various distances.

Common mistakes encountered when catching high-flying balls.

1. The goalkeeper incorrectly “opens” his palms.

2. Fingers are too tense.

3. After catching the ball, the goalkeeper spreads his elbows very wide to the sides.

4. The goalkeeper pushes his chest forward too much instead of pushing it back; Due to the lack of shock absorption, a significant rebound of the ball is possible.

5. When catching the ball, the goalkeeper’s fingers show insufficient flexibility, and his legs are poorly bent at the knees.

6. The starting position for catching the ball is incorrectly chosen.

In order to take possession of balls flying away from the goalkeeper at an average height, they use catching the ball from the side (Fig. 70).

In the preparatory phase, the arms are extended to the side and forward in the direction of the ball's flight. The hands are parallel, the fingers are slightly apart and half-bent. The body weight is transferred to the leg closest to the side of the catch. The torso also turns slightly in the same direction. The execution of the working and finishing phases is similar in structure to catching the ball with both hands from above.

Catching the ball while it's falling - used to intercept passes (“crosses” along the goal), to take the ball at the opponent’s feet. This technique is an effective means of mastering balls aimed away from the goalkeeper accurately and unexpectedly.

There are two options for catching a ball in the fall: without a flight phase (Fig. 71) and with a flight phase (Fig. 72).

As a rule, in order to capture balls that are rolling and flying low at a distance of 2-2.5 m away from the goalkeeper, the first catch option is used. In the preparatory phase, a wide step is taken in the direction of the ball's movement. The leg closest to the ball bends sharply. The central gravity is moved beyond the support area and decreases. The hands are directed towards the ball, which contributes to both the movement of the torso and the fall.

The fall is carried out by rolling in the following sequence: first the shin touches the ground, then the thigh, the sides of the pelvis and the torso. Arms extended parallel block the path of the ball. The position of the hands, as well as the catch itself, is the same as when catching a ball with two hands from above without falling. When tucked, the goalkeeper bends his arms and pulls the ball toward his chest. The legs also bend at the same time.

In situations where the goalkeeper fails to reach the ball while jumping or while running (the ball is at a considerable distance), he performs a throw that ends in falling to the ground (Fig. 72). This technique is the most difficult in the goalkeeper's playing technique, as it requires high coordination of movements and courage. In the preliminary phase, the goalkeeper takes one or two quick side or cross steps in the direction of the ball. The method of movement depends on individual skills. Preparation for repulsion begins with tilting the torso and moving the center of gravity beyond the support area. The push is performed with the foot closest to the direction of the ball's flight. From the moment of take-off until landing, the goalkeeper’s torso is in the “side to the ground” position. The pushing leg remains straight for some time after repulsion, and the swing leg- is carried upward, which allows you to increase both the height and the flight range. During the flight phase, the goalkeeper's torso bends, resembling a drawn bow, legs are straightened, arms are extended in the direction of the ball. In this position, he catches the ball and prepares to land. To soften the blow when falling, the goalkeeper bends the leg closest to the ground at the knee, and his hands with the ball at the elbow joints. This position ensures a safe landing and protection of the ball from the opponent.

When catching low-flying and rolling balls, you also have to throw at the opponent’s feet. The main thing is to quickly put your palms on the ball. The ball is thrown in a forward-lateral direction, and not in side-across-back. When performing a throw, the center of gravity is lowered as low as possible, closer to the ground, the hand catches the ball from behind, and the other supports it from above.

The goalkeeper also acts this way when exiting the goal, if it is necessary to throw himself at the feet of the opponent dribbling the ball.

When catching low-flying balls during a fall, the goalkeeper touches the ground first with his shin, then with his thigh, torso and shoulder. When catching low-flying balls with a throw, the goalkeeper lands in the reverse order: first his hands touch the ground, then his shoulder, torso, thigh and shin.

Features of teaching the technique of catching a ball in falling with a throw (with a flight phase)

In order to master this technique, a football player must pass certain training with elements of acrobatics. The exercises to be learned must first be performed on mats, then on sand, on a gymnastic carpet, and only after that improved on the field. Required condition Such training is the presence of special equipment for the goalkeeper - knee pads, elbow pads, wadded underwear, a sweater.

Sequence of training

Mastering this technique begins with exercises that help develop the ability to move the center of gravity along a “low” trajectory.

1. Fall to the ground with the side of your body, touching the surface of the field in the following sequence: shin, thigh, side and shoulder. The fall should be performed from various positions: first from a sitting position, then from a squat, half-squat and, finally, from a standing position.

2. Repeat exercise 1, falling on a stationary ball (located at the distance of the fall) and pulling it towards the body.

3. After several additional or crossing steps, reach with your hands to reach the ball, which lies at a certain distance.

4. Perform exercise 3, throwing yourself at a ball rolling 2-3 m away.

5. Repeat exercise 3, throwing the ball after it bounces off the ground to a height of 0.5-0.6 m.

6. Catching balls flying at different heights into the goal.

7. Catching balls aimed at the goal at different angles.

Common mistakes , encountered when catching balls in the fall with a throw.

1. Incorrect position of the goalkeeper at the moment of landing. The athlete “meets” the surface not with the side of the body, but with the chest, shoulder, and stomach.

2. The throw is carried out dangerously close to the goal post.

3. Throwing to the side or back, and not towards diagonal-forward.

4. The goalkeeper does not “get” flying balls, since the flight phase is insignificant. This phenomenon is usually associated with a football player’s fear of injuring himself after performing a full jump.

Hitting the ball - used by the goalkeeper if it is not possible to catch the ball: a large concentration of players near the goal, swipe, slippery or hard to reach ball. This method is not as effective and reliable as catching the ball, because the goalkeeper does not gain possession of the ball after using it. Batting includes actions by which the goalkeeper blocks the path of the ball into the goal, interrupts cross and lob passes.

Hitting the ball is carried out both with two and one hand. The first method is more reliable, since the blocking area is larger. However, the second technique allows you to hit balls flying at a considerable distance from the goalkeeper.

The preliminary and preparatory phases of movement when hitting the ball with one or two hands are in many ways similar to the movements when catching the ball from above and from the side. Towards the ball, in accordance with the direction and trajectory of its flight, the goalkeeper quickly brings out one or two tense hands with slightly spaced fingers. The ball is hit most often with the palms. Sometimes the ball hits the forearm. When hitting the ball, it is advisable to direct it away from the goal.

It is recommended to deflect balls flying at a considerable distance from the goalkeeper with one or two hands while falling. As shown in Fig. 73, you can reach a more “difficult” ball with one hand. At hitting a falling ball the first and last phases of the movements are similar to the movements made by the goalkeeper while catching the ball in the fall. Directly hitting is performed with tense palms directed towards the ball (one or two) or fists - one or two.

In order to hit the ball over significant distances, interrupting cross and lob passes and engaging in single combat with opposing players, the goalkeeper uses hitting the ball with one or two fists.

There are two options for hitting the ball with your fist: hitting from the shoulder and hitting from behind the head.

During punch from the shoulder in the preparatory phase, they perform a swing, moving back the striking arm bent at the elbow joint. The torso turns in the same direction. The striking movement begins with a rotation of the torso to its original position and ends with a sharp straightening of the tense arm. The contact between the ball and the fist occurs until the arm is fully straightened (Fig. 74).

When performing an overhead punch for the swing, the slightly bent arm is raised up and pulled back behind the head. The torso also deviates. The striking movement is carried out by sharply straightening the torso and arms. The ball must be kicked at a time when the ball is slightly ahead of the goalkeeper. A blow is performed with the middle phalanges of the fingers.

In modern football, the goalkeeper often uses one or two fists to hit the ball (Fig. 75). The starting position before the blow is the arms bent at the elbow joint, the hands clenched into fists and fingers facing each other, located near the chest. With a sharp simultaneous extension of tense arms, the ball is struck with fists.

They reflect the ball with their fist(s) from a place or in motion - in a step, after moving and in a jump. Particularly effective in the fight for “riding” balls is a jumping punch (fists). To perform this technique, the goalkeeper pushes with one or two legs towards the flying ball and hits it, sharply straightening his arms bent at the elbows, while keeping his fists together. The push-off is carried out upwards and forwards by pushing one or two legs. During the flight phase, preparatory actions are performed. The impact movement begins at the moment (or earlier) of reaching the highest point of takeoff. Landing is performed with slightly bent legs. If the goalkeeper does not “get” the ball with both fists, he hits it with one fist using an identical technique.

Features of teaching the technique of hitting the ball with fists.
Sequence of training

1. Preparatory exercises performed with a suspended ball (first without jumping, then with a jump).

2. Hitting a ball thrown by a partner or coach with one, then two fists (without jumping).

3. The goalkeeper performs exercise 2, but throws the ball to himself and sends it in a certain direction.

4. Punching a suspended ball while jumping.

5. Jumping with a fist (fists) balls thrown by a partner from various distances and at different angles to the goal.

6. The player makes a lob or cross pass to a football player located in the goalkeeper area. The goalkeeper's task is to intercept the sent ball by hitting it with his fist(s) in a jump.

Common mistakes , encountered when the goalkeeper hits the ball with his fist(s).

1. The goalkeeper straightens his elbows earlier (or later) than necessary, so the kick is delivered with little force, and the ball bounces on the wrong side. long distance.

2. Poor coordination of the goalkeeper's movements during the jump with the work of his hands during the strike.

3. The goalkeeper's take-off point is too far from where the ball is supposed to drop, so the attacker can get ahead of the goalkeeper.

4. The ball is hit with a fist (fists) not in its middle part, which can cause the ball’s flight path to be “cut” after hitting.

Transferring the ball - directing the ball flying into the goal over the top crossbar or over the side goal posts. This technique is used by goalkeepers when the ball drops from above under the crossbar of the goal or the attacker tries to throw the ball over the goalkeeper, as well as in the event of a sharp and unexpected change in the direction of the ball (Fig. 76).

Transfers are made with your fingertips, palm or fist; with one or two hands. Hard to reach the balls are transferred in the fall.

In the preparatory phase, one or two tense arms are extended in the direction of the ball's flight. A flying ball, encountering an obstacle, hits the palms (one or two) placed at an angle, and its trajectory changes. However, this is not always possible. Often, to transfer balls flying under the top crossbar, it is enough to reach with tense fingers, block the path of the ball and change its trajectory. Similar balls are also passed with fists. In this case, the trajectory of the ball changes due to a gentle blow with the fist, which is directed up and back.

Using one-handed translation, you can deflect balls flying at a sufficiently large distance from the goalkeeper. In this case, transfers of the ball in the fall are most effective. The execution of the preparatory phase (push and flight) and the final phase (landing) is identical to the actions of the goalkeeper when hitting the ball. In the main phase, translation is carried out with the palm or fist.

It should be noted that transfers can be performed while jumping or after appropriate movements - in motion.

Features of teaching the technique of transferring the ball.
Sequence of training

1. Preparatory and lead-in exercises that teach how to transfer the ball with one hand.

2. Several goalkeepers line up in a column - one after another at a distance of 8-10 m. The coach throws the ball to the goalkeeper standing first in the column, he jumps to transfer the ball behind the back of the goalkeeper behind him, who, in turn, passes the ball to the next one, etc. .d.

3. The partner throws the ball with his hand, directing it under the crossbar. The goalkeeper's task is to pass the ball (first with his palms, then with his fist).

4. Performing exercise 3, only the partner sends the ball into the goal with a kick.

5. Performing exercises 3 and 4, taking into account the fact that the goalkeeper must transfer the ball over the side goal posts with a fall.

6. Repeat the previous exercises provided the goalkeeper moves with side or cross steps.

7. Transfer of the ball by the goalkeeper over the crossbar and side goalposts after a partner has struck from various distances and in the presence of “opponents” in the penalty area and in the goalkeeper’s area.

Basically, errors when performing transfers of the ball are associated with the goalkeeper’s incorrect choice of the moment or place of take-off.

In addition to the goal defense techniques discussed above, goalkeepers use different ways kicking the ball, less often with the head. During their exits, goalkeepers often kick the ball away. Goalkeepers do the same when a player returns the ball to their penalty area, since according to the rules in this case it is forbidden to catch the ball with your hands. Operating outside the penalty area, where it is also prohibited to play with hands, goalkeepers are forced to use kicks or headers.

Goalkeepers should hit balls very carefully, as an inaccurately executed shot can cause an attack from opponents.

In order to direct balls to teammates, goalkeepers, along with field player techniques, use throwing the ball. A goalkeeper who is well prepared physically can throw the ball 30-40 m. This technique is mainly performed with one, less often with two, hands. With one hand, the ball is thrown from above, from the side or from below.

Often used in football practice throw the ball from above, since it allows you to send balls quite accurately and far (Fig. 77). The starting position for performing this technique is the “legs in step” stance. The ball is in the palm of your hand and is supported by spread and half-bent fingers. In the preparatory phase, a swing is performed. The hand with the ball is bent at the elbow joint, pulled back across the side and raised to the level of the head. The body turns and bends slightly in the direction of the swing. The body weight is transferred to the bent leg standing behind. The foot in front is on the toe. The throwing movement in the main phase begins with straightening the leg and turning the torso. This is followed by active extension of the arm and moving it in the direction of the throw, which ends with an energetic guiding movement of the hand. Body weight is transferred to the front standing leg.

Carrying out side throw you can send the ball a long distance, but the accuracy when implementing this technique is not very high (Fig. 78, a). The technique for this throw is as follows. The swing is performed from the same starting position as when throwing from above. The hand with the ball is moved to the side and back slightly below shoulder level. The body turns in the direction of the swing. Body weight is concentrated on standing behind bent leg. The throw is performed by sharply straightening the leg, which rises to the toe, and turning the torso. These anticipatory actions are completed by an energetic movement of the straight arm through side to front a - from the side, b - from below.

If you need to send the ball to a partner on the ground (with a “low” trajectory), then the goalkeeper uses underhand throw (Fig. 78, b). The technique for performing this technique is as follows. Starting position: legs - as in previous throws; the hand holding the ball from below with the hand is lowered. From this position, the goalkeeper, moving his arm back to swing, transfers his body weight to the front leg. The hand with the ball moves vigorously forward parallel to the ground. The body bends slightly. In the extreme forward position, the ball rolls off the hand and rushes towards the target.

Sometimes goalkeepers use throwing the ball with both hands. Typically, such a throw is performed with both hands from behind the head, the technique of its implementation is similar to the movements when throwing the ball from behind the side line. But, unlike a throw-in, this technique does not include the requirement of the rules about the player’s double-support position at the moment of the throw.

Goalkeepers throw the ball both from a standstill and while moving. However, it should be noted that throwing the ball while moving can only be done strictly in accordance with the rules of football.

Basics of teaching goalkeeper technique

In the process of training, goalkeepers must, in addition to the techniques of field players, improve specific techniques that are unique only to them, goalkeepers: throwing and dribbling the ball with their hands, catching the ball with their hands, hitting the ball with their hands.

Here are some features of training a goalkeeper in specific techniques.

Hitting the ball The hands and feet must be performed in such a way as to accurately send the ball to a partner or hit it in a given direction.

In modern football, goalkeepers often use shots on a stationary ball and on a ball thrown with their hands. With the help of such impacts, the ball, as a rule, moves over considerable distances, which requires a certain skill to ensure the necessary speed and trajectory of the projectile. Training in kicking the ball mainly takes place in pairs and consists of the goalkeeper sending balls at a given speed, in a given direction, to a partner located in the field.

Practicing hitting the ball with your hands (fists) takes place in conditions where a partner sends the ball into the goal from different distances and in different ways. In this case, to develop a lasting skill, a wet ball and an “opponent” are used, who first passively and then actively opposes the goalkeeper in the goal area.

As is known, performed by goalkeepers hand throwing the ball have fairly high accuracy. With the help of such techniques, the goalkeepers usually direct the balls to the feet of a partner or to an empty space.

Goalkeepers acquire the skills necessary to improve hand throwing by playing handball, rugby, basketball, volleyball, and also by training in pairs with a teammate. A goalkeeper who has mastered the throw well should accurately send the ball to a distance of 35-40 m.

Stopping and catching the ball. Quite rarely, goalkeepers use ball stopping in the game. As a rule, they use fielder stopping techniques to do this. Training goalkeepers in the technique of such techniques is carried out using the same methodology that is used to train players on the defensive and offensive lines. Goalkeepers improve their ability to stop the ball by taking part in group training as field players.

Goalkeepers gain possession of the ball by catching it. To master this technique use special exercises, described above. Reinforcement of acquired skills is carried out in game exercises and in the game.

In order to improve ball catching, it is recommended to use two forms of training: individual and group. By throwing the ball to himself or hitting it against the wall, on the ground, while varying the strength and angles of the strikes, the goalkeeper independently trains in catching the ball. The catching technique is mastered quite effectively when teammates send balls to the goalkeeper in various starting positions (lying, standing, sitting, etc.). In two-way games, the acquired skill is “cemented.”

Unlike field players, the goalkeeper performs feints , mainly when the ball is in his hands. To teach the technique of deceptive movements, special exercises are used in which the “opponents” first passively and then actively oppose the goalkeeper with the ball. The improvement of feints is facilitated by the participation of goalkeepers in games such as handball, rugby, and basketball.

Game situations require the goalkeeper to effectively master such a technique as tackling the ball .

In order to master and improve this technique, the goalkeeper is recommended to practice tackling the ball when the situation of the “opponents” scoring a goal is simulated. At the same time, the “rivals” (team partners) are given the task of not hitting the goal, but, using dribbling and feints, to provoke the goalkeeper to play on the exits.

While the training system for field players is the same, it is completely different for goalkeepers. Firstly, a goalkeeper is an individual player who relies largely on his own strengths. Secondly, the organization of defense depends on his actions, help and support. And thirdly, if there are several defenders and attackers playing on the field, who constantly help each other and close areas, then there is one person at the goal, and the result of the game depends on his individual actions.

If you don’t know how to become a goalkeeper in football, but have already clearly decided that you want to be a player in this position, then use the following recommendations.

1. Develop a reaction. It determines how quickly you will jump on the ball, block the angle of impact and make positional decisions.
2. Develop your intuition. You must anticipate the actions of attacking players. Intuition comes with experience, so practice more and play with different teams.
3. Be cool. Often a goalkeeper succumbs to pressure from the stands, coach and players. You have to be confident in every jump, action, hit and exit.
4. Strengthen physical fitness. Even though you will be in the penalty area, you will still have to take shots, lunge, jump, crawl at the feet of players and, roughly speaking, “snatch” the ball from the goalkeeper’s area.
5. Be a leader. You must learn to manage the team, give hints to the defenders, help them in decisions and support them during enemy attacks. Build credibility and confidence so that others can trust you and rely on your goalkeeping instincts.

Exercises to develop goalkeeper skills

In many ways, game practice does not allow you to develop individual skills, so be prepared that you will have to train on your own from time to time. This way you can practice exits. To do this, you can hit the ball up and practice jumping when exiting. It will be useful to train an accurate and soft strike. To do this, you need to learn how to give passes on the ground, then make crosses into the penalty area, and after that train alternate requests to the flanks and the center line.

Don't forget that you also work with your hands, so sooner or later you will have to make throws from the penalty area. The gym and constant training will come in handy for this. It is important not only to throw the ball far, but also accurately and comfortably for your partner. We also recommend that you participate in team-wide technical training; you must be able to perform a technique, feint, pass, and put the ball under yourself. Once you have mastered the basic gaming skills, you will understand how to become good goalkeeper and perhaps come up with your own training strategy based on your physical data.

Many guys dream of becoming like the best goalkeeper in the world Lev Yashin, the modern gatekeepers of the USSR national team Evgeny Rudakov, Vladimir Astapovsky and Yuri Degtyarev. However, becoming a good goalkeeper is not easy. After all, a goalkeeper, in addition to being strong, jumping and courageous, must also possess special equipment. That is, be able to catch and hit balls, make a wide variety of jumps and throws, throw the ball in with your hands and knock it out from your hands and from the ground. But don’t let the variety and complexity of goalkeeper techniques scare you. With diligent and conscious training, you can achieve good success. In addition, small-scale football, in which the goalkeeper has to enter the game very often and withstand heavy loads, will be an excellent game school for you.

The technique of playing a goalkeeper in futsal is basically similar to that of a goalkeeper in big football. True, certain differences in small football still introduce some peculiarities into the goalkeeper’s game. For example, in small-time football, the goalkeeper must be especially good at such techniques as hitting the ball with his hands and feet, throwing the ball with his hands at various distances.

Rice. 28. Main goalkeeper stance: a - front view, b - side view

Main stand. The goalkeeper stands in the goal with his legs apart 35-40 cm, his toes slightly turned out. The weight of the body is evenly distributed on both legs. The knees are slightly bent, the torso is slightly tilted forward, the arms are down and slightly bent, the gaze is directed at the ball (Fig. 28).

Catching the ball. The main technical technique of a goalkeeper is catching the ball with his hands. The goalkeeper has to catch balls flying at different heights and rolling on the ground, with and without falling. An important condition when catching a ball, it is the ability to gently receive the ball and reduce its flight speed.

Rice. 29. Catching a rolling ball

Catching a rolling ball. The technique for catching a ball rolling towards the goalkeeper is as follows. The goalkeeper closes his legs, leans forward and lowers his hands down, palms facing the ball. As soon as the ball touches the palms, the arms are bent at the elbows and the ball is pulled towards the stomach (Fig. 29).

If the ball rolls away from the goalkeeper, it usually has to be caught as it falls to the ground or floor. It's done like this. The goalkeeper makes a quick throw and, throwing his hands towards the ball, catches it, and then pulls it to his chest (Fig. 30). At the moment of the fall, the lower leg bends at the knee. The goalkeeper lands not flat, but with a roll, that is, first the leg touches the ground, then the torso, and then the arms. Landing directly on your hands or on your stomach is dangerous.

Rice. 30. Catching a rolling ball while falling

Practice receiving balls rolling away from the goalkeeper on soft ground.

Catching flying balls. Balls flying at knee level are caught this way. The legs are closed so that the ball does not pass between them. The moment your palms touch the ball, it quickly pulls toward your stomach (Fig. 31).

Rice. 31. Catching a ball flying at knee level

Rice. 32. Catching a ball flying at stomach or chest level

Balls flying at the level of the stomach or chest are accepted like this (Fig. 32). The goalkeeper slightly tilts his torso forward and extends his arms, palms down. At the moment the ball touches the palms, it is pulled towards the stomach with a gentle movement of the hands. Balls flying at chest level are often caught with a preliminary jump up.

The goalkeeper's playing technique is significantly different from the field player's playing technique. This is due to the fact that the goalkeeper, according to the rules, is allowed to play with his hands within the penalty area.

A goalkeeper's technique includes catching, tackling, passing and throwing the ball. Depending on the location of the partners and players of the opposing team, and also on the direction, trajectory and speed of the ball, various techniques, methods and types of goalkeeper actions are used. Their classification is given in Fig. 36.

During the game, the goalkeeper uses the necessary arsenal of field player techniques.

The successful execution of technical techniques is largely determined by the goalkeeper's readiness for action. One of the factors of readiness is the appropriate starting position of the goalkeeper. It is characterized by a stance with legs apart (legs shoulder-width apart and slightly bent). Half-bent Arms are brought forward at chest level. Palms facing inward - forward. The fingers are slightly apart. The correct starting position allows the goalkeeper to quickly move the center of gravity beyond the support area and perform the necessary movements with normal, side and cross steps, jumps and falls.

Rice. 36. Classification of goalkeeper technique

2.5.1. Catching the ball

Catching the ball is the main goalkeeper's technique. It is carried out mainly with two hands. Depending on the direction, trajectory and speed of the ball, catching is performed from below, above or from the side. Balls flying at a considerable distance from the goalkeeper are caught as they fall.

When catching the ball from below The goalkeeper takes control of the rolling, descending and low-flying balls (up to chest level) towards him.

In the preparatory phase, when catching rolling balls, the goalkeeper leans forward and lowers his arms down (Fig. 37). In this case, the palms are facing the ball, the fingers are slightly apart, half-bent and almost touching the ground. The arms should not be overly tense. Legs are closed, straight or slightly bent.

The working phase is characterized by the fact that at the moment of contact with the ball, it is picked up by the hands from below, the arms are bent at the elbow joints and the ball is pulled to the stomach. The speed of the ball is dampened due to the shock-absorbing actions of the lowered arms.

In the final phase, the goalkeeper straightens up.

Rice. 37. Catching a rolling ball from below

In modern football, another option is used to catch rolling balls with both hands from below (Fig. 38). Its peculiarity is that instead of bending, a squat is performed on one leg, which unfolds approximately 50-80. The second leg, significantly bent at the knee joint, with support on the toe, also unfolds.

Hands down, palms facing the ball. Direct catching of the ball is carried out as in the option described above.

Rice. 38. Catching a rolling ball in a squat

When catching low-flying balls (to the level of the stomach) and falling in front of the goalkeeper in the preparatory phase, slightly bent arms are brought forward with the palms forward towards the ball (Fig. 39). The fingers are slightly apart and half-bent. At the same time, the torso leans forward slightly and the legs bend. The amount of their bending depends on the trajectory of the ball. At the moment of contact with the ball, the goalkeeper picks it up with his hands from below and pulls it to his stomach or chest. When the ball speed is significant, an additional yielding movement is performed back by straightening the legs and tilting the torso forward.

During the game, you have to catch balls that are rolling and flying low away from the goalkeeper, as well as falling in front of him at a considerable distance. In this case, the goalkeeper first moves in the direction of the ball's movement with a running step or cross step, as well as a jump - mainly by pushing one leg up, up - forward or up - to the sides.

Rice. 39. Catching a flying ball from below